GENERAL RULES OF BOXING

Olympic boxing (amateur)



[Amateur Boxing]

This article focuses on amateur boxing. Amateur boxing has taken its roots in England, it is logical that here was based historically the first Amateur Boxing Association, it happened in 1881, and later in North America and founded the association and have even begun to hold competitions since 1888, the following examples listed above, followed by France and also created an association of boxing. Amateur boxing less brutal than professional, but that he is not inferior to inflame the passions of a professional. The scoring system has approximately the formula: Boxers at the beginning of the battle are on zero points but blows recruit them in order to score a zaschitan boxer is necessary that three of the five judges have fixed it on special electronic mechanisms. The most authoritative championship in this sport: the Olympic Games, in which amateur boxing presented since 1904, World and European Championships are regularly held every 4 years between 1974 and 1925, respectively. In 1946 he held a historic event for the world of boxing, when it created a new association (AIBA) in place existed before the Fibo. Since 1969, formed the first Continental Boxing Association, European EABA, it should be noted that now every continent before his boxing association. All associations are under the main association that brings together associations of 122 countries of the world feeding on their weighty sponsorship. The Association is divided into a lot of committees on the judiciary, and methodical to the health and protivodopingovogo.

AIBA members are selected by local representatives of countries that are members of the Association, on choosing the leadership of those in turn elect the president. The first president was the representative of France, E. Graham, his changer was a Briton Russell. Once the president was, and * our * Representative. In 1974, Nikiforov, Denis became the President of AIBA. In general, the importance of the association simply undeniable, in fact it performs important functions related to the development of this sport, in particular, assigns the venue of the championships, working with judges, considers the proposals included in the association of countries. Perhaps it is because of teamwork AIBY number of boxers - amateurs increases with age, this we can see a small statistical observation: since the 7 Olympic Games in Antwerp until 1920 Olympics in Munich, the number of participants increased from 114 boxers from 11 countries, 356 boxers from 51 countries.


Weight category in Olympic boxing

[Boxing at the Olympics]

In amateur boxing is a system in accordance with which the boxers are divided into 11 weight categories (category names are contingent on official documents only used their mark in kilograms):

* Heavyweight (91 kg);
* Heavyweight (91 kg);
* Light Heavyweight (81 kg);
* Middleweight (75 kg);
* First Welterweight (69 kg);
* Welterweight (64 kg);
* Lightweight (60 kg);
* Featherweight (57 kg);
* Super bantamweight (54 kg);
* Flyweight (51 kg);
* Minimum weight (48 kg).

Kinds of shocks in boxing

In boxing there are the following main types of strokes:

* Straight punches (jab, cross);
* Side Impact (hook, swing);
* Punches from the bottom (the uppercut).

PROFESSIONAL BOXING

Professional boxing has more stringent rules than the amateur. Rules define the terms and conditions of professional bouts and boxers are required to perform the boxers, referees, managers, promoters, by a licensed Professional Boxing Federation, as well as others involved in organizing and conducting battles. Oversight of the fighting in accordance with the rules by supervisors, visiting the promoter of the number of persons approved by the Bureau.

[Professional boxing] bout lasts for 7-15 rounds, depending on the class of boxers and the scale of competition (in the World Cup or the continent - 15 rounds). Gloves are not allowed to weight 8 ounces, among the amateurs, and 6 oz. Boxer can was knocked down many times, and the fight continues, if the boxer stood up to the count "ten." Admitted and breaches of rules in terms of amateur boxing (eg, hitting the side line of the trunk or open glove, etc.

Scoring in professional boxing by the scheme countdown, followed by addition. Released into the ring boxers have 10 points each. The winner of the round retains 10 points, the loser gets 9 points, forming, thus, account for one round 10-9. If a boxer was knocked down, then lifted him two points and the round ends (with one knockdown) with a score of 10-8. If a boxer was knocked down twice, the score is 10-7, if three, then 10-6. If the round was a draw (some boxing organizations consider a draw incompetent refereeing, but he still has a place to be), then the lateral arbitrator invoiced 10-10. In rare cases it happens that a boxer was knocked down, won the round. In this case, account must be 9.10 in favor of, the one who sent the enemy into a knockdown, since by the rules of the number 10 should always be present. In 1982, the world champion at lightweight, WBA Ray Mancini knocked out in the 14 th round of the South Koreans Duke Koo Kim. In combat, Kim received a fatal injury. After 4 days of the Korean died. Following this result, the boxing organizations to reduce the number of rounds in combat from 15 to 12.

Weight classes in professional boxing

World Boxing Council (WBC) has introduced the following classification of weight boxer:

* Cruiserweight («cruising weight, the first heavy weight) - 190 lbs (86.2 kg, then the lower limit of this weight category was raised to 200 pounds or 90.7 kilograms, sometimes also carried out fights in the category of super cruiserweight - up to 195 pounds or 88.5 kg.)
* Super middleweight («Super" or the second average weight) - 168 lbs (76.2 kg.)
* Super welterweight (he's light middleweight - welterweight or a first average weight) - 154 lbs (69.9 kg.)
* Super bantamweight (also known as junior featherweight - the second or first super featherweight) - 122 lbs (55.3 kg.)
* Super flyweight (aka junior bantamweight - the second easiest or first super bantamweight) - 116 lbs (52.6 kg.)
* Light flyweight (aka junior flyweight - the first Flyweight) - 108 lbs (49.9 kg.)
* Strawweight (aka minimumweight - minimum weight) - 105 lbs.

Professional ring

Professional boxing bouts are held in the ring, having the shape of a square with sides at least 5 m and a maximum of 6 meters and installed on the platform of a size not less than 8 x 8 m, height from the base of 90 - 120 cm floor must be firm, smooth, have decking boards without much elasticity is well fixed and go beyond the ropes not less than 60 cm from each side, the floor of the ring is covered with felt or other responsible safety elastic material, a minimum thickness of 2.5 cm and not more than 4 cm, which is stretched and secured tarp or other suitable material. Felt and treatment must go outside the ring at 50 cm

The area of the ring is limited to four rows of rope diameter 3 - 5 cm, covered with a soft, smooth material. Ropes taut between the four corner posts and are connected by two bridges from the thick fabric width of 3-4 cm at a distance of 1 / 3 along each side of the ring. Ropes stretched at a height of 120 cm, 90 cm, 60 cm, 30 cm from the floor of the ring. The distance from the corner posts to the ring ropes shall be not less than 50 cm, all metallic streamers to attach ropes to the posts upholstered with a soft lining. In the corners of the ring reinforced cushion width of 20 cm and a thickness of 5-7 cm to prevent possible injury. Pillows and ropes in two opposite corners of the ring should be red and blue. Red corner of the ring is left of the table the main jury. The red and blue corners of the ring must be installed ladders for boxers and seconds, and in a neutral corner stairs for the referee and the chief physician match. In the corners of the ring occupied by boxers, put on a stool or seat, mounted in a rack, a container of water if no water supply directly to the ring, mugs, urns or pots.

The equipment also includes ringside seats for the seconds (three on each side of the ring) and two stretchers on opposite sides of the ring. On three sides of the ring set tables for the side judges, on the fourth side - the table the main jury. The degree of illumination of the ring must be at least 1000 lux. Ring must be lit from above, side lighting with spotlights, or other sources account during the battle is not allowed. In the vicinity of the match supervisor should be equipped with space for judges, timekeeper, judge-informant. The equipment consists of a ring: bell, whistle, stopwatch, microphones, telephones, local and municipal bond.

[Professional boxing]

Gloves used in the competitions must conform to established patterns and weigh:

* 8 ounces for weight categories up to 66.678 kg (147 pounds), inclusive;
* 10 ounces for the weight category over 66.678 kg to 86.183 kg (190 pounds).

Before the fight boxer bandage his hands. Used bandages gauze or crepe no more than 5 m in length and 5 cm in width. Top gauze bandage fixed by adhesive plaster, which should not be placed closer to 2.5 cm from the finger joints. Adhesive tape must not exceed 2,5 m long and 5 cm in width. Wet the bandages any type of fluid is prohibited. Lace gloves have also secured a Band-Aid.

To participate in competitions allowed boxers at least 18 years. Boxer must: know and comply strictly with these terms and conditions contact for the fight. Prior to the weigh-pass the supervisor in person or through a second major boxing license and insurance. Not later than one hour before the battle begins to come into their locker room. Be tested for doping at the request of a supervisor at the end of the battle.